{"id":420,"date":"2026-03-24T23:00:32","date_gmt":"2026-03-24T15:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qzdd.net\/?p=420"},"modified":"2026-03-24T23:00:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T15:00:32","slug":"python%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%e4%b8%8e%e5%9d%91%e7%82%b9%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qzdd.net\/?p=420","title":{"rendered":"Python\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u4e0e\u5751\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08Regular Expression\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0regex\/re\uff09\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u5206\u5272\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u8868\u5355\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002Python\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u5e93re\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u603b\u7ed3Python\u4e2d\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5751\u70b9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u907f\u514d\u8e29\u5751\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u9ad8\u6548\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/h2>\n

1. \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u5feb\u901f\u56de\u987e<\/h3>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a
\n– .<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26
\n– ^<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f00\u5934
\n– $<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e
\n– *<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b260\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21
\n– +<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b261\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21
\n– ?<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b260\u6b21\u62161\u6b21
\n– {n}<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26n\u6b21
\n– {n,}<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u81f3\u5c11n\u6b21
\n– {n,m}<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26n\u5230m\u6b21
\n– []<\/code>\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26
\n– |<\/code>\uff1a\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5de6\u53f3\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f
\n– ()<\/code>\uff1a\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c06\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u53d6\n<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\uff1a
\n– \\d<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e[0-9]
\n– \\w<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e[a-zA-Z0-9_]
\n– \\s<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u3001\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7b49\uff09
\n– \\D<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u975e\u6570\u5b57
\n– \\W<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u975e\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u5b57\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf
\n– \\S<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u975e\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

\uff081\uff09\u5339\u914d\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e<\/h4>\n
\nimport re\n\n# \u5224\u65ad\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\npattern = r'^1[3-9]\\d{9}$' # \u624b\u673a\u53f7\u6b63\u5219\nprint(re.match(pattern, '13812345678')) # \u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56deMatch\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56deNone\n\n# \u67e5\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879\ntext = \"\u6211\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u662f13812345678\uff0c\u90ae\u7bb1\u662ftest@example.com\"\nphone = re.search(r'1[3-9]\\d{9}', text)\nprint(phone.group()) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a13812345678\n\n# \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u9879\nemails = re.findall(r'[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}', text)\nprint(emails) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['test@example.com']\n\n# \u8fed\u4ee3\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u9879\nfor match in re.finditer(r'\\d+', \"abc123def456ghi789\"):\n    print(match.group()) # \u4f9d\u6b21\u8f93\u51fa123\u3001456\u3001789\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff082\uff09\u66ff\u6362\u4e0e\u5206\u5272<\/h4>\n
\n# \u66ff\u6362\u5339\u914d\u9879\ntext = \"Hello 123 World 456\"\nresult = re.sub(r'\\d+', 'NUM', text)\nprint(result) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello NUM World NUM\n\n# \u5206\u5272\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\ntext = \"a,b;c d\\te\"\nresult = re.split(r'[,; \\t]', text)\nprint(result) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n
\uff081\uff09\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u6355\u83b7<\/h4>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6b63\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n
\ntext = \"2026-03-24\"\npattern = r'(\\d{4})-(\\d{2})-(\\d{2})'\nmatch = re.match(pattern, text)\nprint(match.group(0)) # \u5b8c\u6574\u5339\u914d\uff1a2026-03-24\nprint(match.group(1)) # \u7b2c1\u7ec4\uff1a2026\nprint(match.group(2)) # \u7b2c2\u7ec4\uff1a03\nprint(match.group(3)) # \u7b2c3\u7ec4\uff1a24\nprint(match.groups()) # \u6240\u6709\u7ec4\uff1a('2026', '03', '24')\n\n# \u547d\u540d\u5206\u7ec4\npattern = r'(?P<year>\\d{4})-(?P<month>\\d{2})-(?P<day>\\d{2})'\nmatch = re.match(pattern, text)\nprint(match.group('year')) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a2026\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff082\uff09\u8d2a\u5a6a\u4e0e\u975e\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b*,+,{n,m}\u90fd\u662f\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u6700\u957f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0?\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u975e\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/p>\n
\ntext = \"<div>hello<\/div><div>world<\/div>\"\n# \u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d\npattern_greedy = r'<div>.*<\/div>'\nprint(re.search(pattern_greedy, text).group()) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<div>hello<\/div><div>world<\/div>\n\n# \u975e\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d\npattern_non_greedy = r'<div>.*?<\/div>'\nprint(re.search(pattern_non_greedy, text).group()) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<div>hello<\/div>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff083\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n
re\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u5339\u914d\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a
\n– re.IGNORECASE \/ re.I<\/code>\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199
\n– re.MULTILINE \/ re.M<\/code>\uff1a\u591a\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c^\u548c$\u5339\u914d\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e
\n– re.DOTALL \/ re.S<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba9.\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u6362\u884c\u7b26
\n– re.VERBOSE \/ re.X<\/code>\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\n<\/p>\n
\n# \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5339\u914d\nprint(re.search(r'hello', 'Hello World', re.I).group()) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello\n\n# \u591a\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\ntext = \"line1\\nline2\\nline3\"\nprint(re.findall(r'^line\\d', text, re.M)) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['line1', 'line2', 'line3']\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8.\u5339\u914d\u6362\u884c\u7b26\ntext = \"hello\\nworld\"\nprint(re.search(r'hello.*world', text, re.S).group()) # \u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\n\n#  verbose\u6a21\u5f0f\u5199\u590d\u6742\u6b63\u5219\npattern = re.compile(r'''\n    ^                   # \u5f00\u5934\n    1[3-9]              # \u524d\u4e24\u4f4d\n    \\d{9}              # \u540e\u97629\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\n    $                   # \u7ed3\u5c3e\n''', re.X)\nprint(pattern.match('13812345678')) # \u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u70b9\u4e0e\u907f\u514d\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u4e49\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5339\u914d\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\uff08\u6bd4\u5982. * + ?\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32r”\u907f\u514dPython\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u4e49\u548c\u6b63\u5219\u8f6c\u4e49\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5339\u914d\u70b9\u53f7\u8981\u7528\\.<\/code>\u6216\u8005r’\\.’\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6362\u884c\u7b26<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b.\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u52a0re.S\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5339\u914d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5339\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5339\u914d\u6700\u77ed\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u52a0?\u6539\u6210\u975e\u8d2a\u5a6a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7684^\u542b\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c<\/strong>\uff1a^\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6[]\u91cc\u9762\u8868\u793a\u201c\u975e\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u9762\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982[^abc]<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4e0d\u662fa\u3001b\u3001c\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u96f6\u5bbd\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1aPython\u7684re\u6a21\u5757\u53ea\u652f\u6301\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u540e\u89c6\u65ad\u8a00\uff08lookbehind\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982(?<=a+)<\/code>\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aa+\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. \u6b63\u5219\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u542b\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5957\u91cf\u8bcd\u7684\u6b63\u5219\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u672c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6162\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5361\u4f4f\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\n
      \n
    • \u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6b63\u5219\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n
    • \u5c3d\u91cf\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11.*\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d<\/li>\n
    • \u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6b63\u5219\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u7528re.compile\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5339\u914d\u901f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \u4e2d\u6587\u5339\u914d\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Python3\u4e2d\uff0c\\w\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u53ea\u5339\u914d\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528[a-zA-Z]\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
      \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5199\u51fa\u6709bug\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u5e38\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u3001\u907f\u5f00\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5199\u51fa\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4ee3\u7801\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u672c\u6587\u4e3a\u539f\u521b\u6280\u672f\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 2026-03-24\uff0c\u5982\u9700\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\u51fa\u5904\uff1ahttps:\/\/qzdd.net<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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